The Celtic cross is an ancient symbol Celtic. In the Middle Ages was used in Christian circles, particularly from Celtic Christianity, and, following the Second World War, was re-used in politics, having become a symbol of some typical movements and parties, particularly those of the extreme right.
The Celtic cross is derived from the overlap of an empty circle and a cross Greek or Latin, so that the center of the circle coincides with the intersection of the arms of the cross
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In Celtic regions of ' Britain and Ireland there are many isolated Celtic crosses, erected from at least the seventh century . Some of these bear inscriptions in the runic alphabet . These crosses are found in Cornwall , Wales, on ' Isle of Iona and Hebrides, but most is in Ireland.
Other stone crosses were found in Cumbria and south-east of Scotland , even if some of these are made in Anglo-Saxon. The most famous Celtic crosses are the Cross of Kells, County Meath , and crosses in Monasterboice , County Louth, Ireland, the Cross of the Scriptures, Clonmacnoise , Ireland
There are numerous representations of crosses with a circle even before Christianity. Often called " solar crosses, were found in the North West of Europe but there is no evidence of a link or a common origin with the Christian cross.
should be noted that in the Old English word for "cross" is rood. The word "cross" in English derives only indirectly from Latin crux, crucis, via the Norse kross. Linguistically it is ironic to note that the pagan raiders (I " Vikings") have passed their deadline for the cross to the Anglo-Saxons converted to Christianity.
In Ireland a popular legend says that the Celtic cross was introduced by St. Patrick during the conversion of Celtic polytheism. It is believed that combined the symbol of Christianity, the cross superimposed on the symbol of the Gentiles, the sun, to give an idea to the followers of pagan religions of the supremacy of Christianity over other religions
The meaning most commonly assigned to this symbol is that of the Sun, combined with a sense of connection between the world via land and the celestial world, often due to the fact that the horizontal axis is reduced to the representation of the earthly dimension and the vertical dimension to the heavenly . In the analysis of the symbol of the Celtic cross is important to pay attention to the center of the cross, the fixed point that all traditions agree to designate symbolically as the Polo, because he is around it that rotates the world, generally represented by the wheel , both among the Celts both among Chaldeans and Hindu . The center, the fixed point is the Chakravarti or universal monarch, literally one who spins the wheel, the one that is that, at the center of all things, directs the movement without taking part himself, or in the words of Aristotle , it is the unmoved mover .
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